For example, we could create a liability rule that required the Reading Railroad to pay for the damage to his crops.
例如,我们可以设立一条责任分配的规则,要求Reading铁路公司赔偿作物的损失。
Without a liability rule, the railroad wouldn't have any incentive to prevent the damage if there was a cost-effective means of doing so.
如果没有这种规则,那么即使铁路公司可以有效率地防止作物损失,它也就不会有防止损害的激励。
According to the traditional theory in law and economics, there are two alternative mechanisms to protect personal entitlements, ie. either by property rule or by liability rule.
传统的法经济学理论认为,保护个人权利有两种替代的方式,即要么产权规则的保护要么责任规则的保护。